What is a hysteroscopy?

A hysteroscopy is a procedure which involves the gynaecologist examining the pelvic organs with a small, thin, lighted tube, called a hysteroscope. A hysteroscope allows the gynaecologist to examine the cervix and the uterus so that she may diagnose and treat the causes of abnormal bleeding.


When is a hysteroscopy needed?

A hysteroscopy may be part of a diagnosis process or an operative procedure. A diagnostic hysteroscopy is normally used to diagnose problems that may arise in the uterus. It may also be done to confirm the results of other tests such as hysterosalpingography (HSG), an x-ray dye test that is used to check the fallopian tubes and the uterus.

An operative hysteroscopy is recommended to correct an abnormal condition that has been detected during a diagnostic hysteroscopy procedure. An operative hysteroscopy may be done at the same time as a diagnostic hysteroscopy, avoiding the need for further surgery. The procedure is recommended to correct uterine conditions such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions, septums and abnormal bleeding.

What does the procedure entail?

A hysteroscopy is performed as an outpatient procedure or during a hospital stay. During the procedure, Dr Vatharajh will use an antiseptic solution to clean the vaginal area, and your cervix will then be dilated. A hysteroscope will be inserted into the vagina, through the cervix and into your uterus. A liquid or gas will be injected through the hysteroscope in order to allow the gynaecologist to get a better view of the uterus for examination. Photographs or videos, as well as tissue samples, may be taken to diagnose any conditions that may be present.

If a procedure such as fibroid removal, is required, surgical tools will be inserted through the hysteroscope to remove the fibroids. After the procedure, the hysteroscope will be removed, and recovery will be based on the type of anaesthesia you were given.

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Dr Rochelle Vatharajh is a family-friendly Gynaecologist and Obstetrician
based at Netcare Parklands Hospital in Durban.